Computer Skills for Research
PHP programming to support simple web graphics
By Mark Ciotola
First published on March 10, 2019
PHP is a programming language created for the web. It was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. Since then, it has evolved haphazardly. It is neither pretty nor elegant, but it is extremely useful. It is good at interacting with some databases, and making some web page elements do what you wish. For example, it can allow the user to interact with SVG elements. Many web applications such as Wordpress are written in PHP.
PHP is not a forgiving language. Unlike HTML which will try to run as best it can regardless of coding mistakes, the smallest mistake can keep an entire web page that includes PHP from running. Yet you might be able to write just a bit of PHP code to do what you need, and the results will be worth the effort.
PHP Hello World
Below is a Hello World program in PHP. Assume that it is in a text document ending in “.php”.
<?php echo "Hello World"; ?>
There are some important aspects to note. First, that the PHP code is enclosed in tags. Make sure to include the “php” in the opening tag, because there are some of other languages that use the “<?” syntax. This is because PHP is intended to be embedded into web pages. Second, each functional line of the program must end with a semicolon “;”. The program won’t work without that. If you omit a necessary semicolon, you will likely get the dreaded “white screen” (blank screen).
How To Run PHP
Running PHP is somewhat more difficult than some of the other web languages, some of which you can simply embed into HTML pages. Unlike an html page, you can’t just drag the html page on to a browser icon (or open it from a browser). It must be run on a PHP-enabled web server. You can set up your computer as a PHP-enabled server (even if offline) and run there.
Or you can run it on an external host that offers PHP. Not all hosting services support PHP so check if yours does and whether they support the version that you need. If you just want to play with some simple PHP, nearly any version is fine.
You will also need to end your page file names with .php.
Embedded PHP in HTML
You can embed php in html code, and they can operate very well together. The php code will always need to be enclosed in php tags. You will still need to end the file name with .php even though it contains html.
Here is an example of PHP embedded in a web page:
<html>
<head><title>My Counting Web Page</title></head>
<body>
<h1>My Counting Web Page</h1>
<p>Begin counting:</p>
<?php // A PHP program to count from 0 to 9 ?>
<?php $MyCounter = 0; ?>
<ol>
<?php while ( $MyCounter <= 10) ?>
<li>My count is <?php echo $lessonCounter; ?></li>
<?php $lessonCounter = $lessonCounter + 1; ?>
</ol>
<p>Done</p>
</body>
</html>
Resources
- EditRocket: How to Work with PHP programs on Mac OS X(simplest way)
- EditRocket: Running PHP on the Mac OS X Leopard Apache Web Server(more difficult, but recommended if you plan to use PHP. However, you might only need to do the last few steps on some machines.)
- EditRocket: Running PHP on Windows(a short introduction)
- w3schools.com PHP Tutorial
- Main PHP site (it not not a good place to start, but you may need it)
- PHP 5 Syntax (w3schools) with a Hello World tutorial
« Scripting in JavaScript | COURSE | Arduino Prototyping Controller »